Dictionary

学术

较为固定的表达

• off-the-shelf, 现成的, 现有的
• oracle, 神谕, 不知如何解释的方案
• ad-hoc, 强加的, 刻意的
• plateau, 曲线图平缓的部分
• iso-xxx, 同样的, 相同的, iso-quality 同等质量的, iso-performance, 相同性能的
• xxx-prone, xxx-free: 易受xx的, 免于xx的, interference-prone
• tease apart: 分别考虑
• nuisance: trouble, 讨厌的事
• slack: 松弛空间, SLA slack, laxity
• cater to; tailored for: 为 xxx 专门定制的
• research's appetite: 研究热点
• curation: 对数据的处理、保存、管理
• boilerplate: 样板文件; 公式化, 陈词滥调
• strawman: 简单直接的方案, panacea: 万灵丹, 万能的方案
• on-par: 平起平坐, on-par performance
• nuances: 细微区别
• heretoforce: 迄今为止
• plausible to xxx without yyy: 无需 yyy 即可做 xxx
• buckle up for: 为 xxx 做好准备
• stakeholder: 利益相关者
• in pursuit for: 为了, in order to
• be akin to xxx: 类似于
• 比例/比率, 下面是 ChatGPT 对于几个单词含义区别的回答:
  • ratio: 指两个数值之间的关系, 通常用来表示一个量是另一个量的多少倍
  • rate: 率, 失业率, 出生率
  • proportion: 比例, 部分, 一个部分在整体中所占的份额或比例
  • portion: 指从一个整体中分割出的部分 (描述食物、财产等具体事物的一部分)
• keep pace with xxx = match up with xxx, 同 xxx 并驾齐驱

动词

• 提出: propose, devise, advocate
• 包含: incorporate, encompass
• 利用: exploit, leverage
• 实现: implement, achieve, materialize, accomplish
• 代表/展示/说明: represent, stand for, exhibit, depict, show, illustrate, demonstrate, present, exemplify, elucidate
• 来源于: stem from
• 管理: manage, rein
• 对齐/校准: calibrate, align
• 组成/构成:
  • 整体 consist of 部分
  • 整体 comprise of 部分、部分 be comprised of 整体、部分 comprise 整体
  • 整体 be composed of 部分
• 获益: reap, benefit
• 提升/优化: improve, optimize, elevate, upgrade, boost, expedite
• 下降/损失: downgrade, decline, deminish, reduce, decrease, plunge (暴跌)
  • diminishing returns: 边际效应递减
• 恶化: deteriorate, exacerbate, aggravate
• 差距: disparity, gap
• 缺少: lack sth. (也可作不及物动词), lack of sth. (作名词)
• 控制: rein
• 回避, 绕开, 诉诸于: sidestep, resort
• 避免, 防止: circumvent
• 减轻, 缓解: mitigate, alleviate
• 被认为/相信要怎么样: deem, be deemed to do sth.
• 仅限于: is not confined to, is not limited to, beyond
• xx 是 yy 的瓶颈
  • xx proposes a bottleneck to yy
  • yy is hindered/detered by xx
  • xx acts as a constraint on yy
  • bottleneck effectuated by xx constrains yy
• 鼓舞, 激发: trend of xx sparks/fascinates the research of yy
• 约定: stipulate
• 参与: join/participate/engage/be envolved in
• 超额、太超过了: overwhelming, oversubscription
• seize: 抓获, 捕获, seize the opportunity of xxx
• 拥有: possess
• 驱使: propel, motivate, drive
• 委托: mandate

名词

• 倾向: tendency, inclination, propensity

形容词/副词

• whereas, though, nevertheless: 然而, 虽然
• paramount: (primary) 关键的, 至高无上的
• compelling: 令人信服的, 有说服力的
• more pronounced: 更加明显的 (指某些现象); salient: 突出的, 出彩的
• versatile: 全能的、多才多艺的, agile: 轻巧的、灵活的、机变的
• symbiotically, 共生地
• susceptible: 易感染的, 易受影响的
• half-baked: 半生不熟的, 半成品
• synergistically: 协同地 (类似 collaboratively)
• precipitously: 陡峭地、出乎意料地
• hermetically: 密封地, 完完全全地
• imperative: 极重要的, 必要的
• henceforth: 从此之后, 用法 xxx, henceforth 别名
• rigorous: 严密的, 缜密的, 严格的
• sporadic: 不定时的
• praticle, feasible: 可行的
• proactive: 主动的, reactive: 被动的, 响应式的
• incessant: 连续不断的, incessant rains
• notwithstanding, nevertheless, in spite of: 尽管如此

连接词

• first and foremost = most importantly
• when it comes to: in terms of, regarding, with respect to, as for

口语表达

• don't hold any water in my opinion: (在我看来) 根本站不住脚
• my two cents: 我的浅见
• we badly need: 我们急需
• typo: 笔误
• take a stab at doing sth.: 尝试一下

政治/经济

• small yard and high fence, 小院高墙
• decoupling/de-risking, 脱钩/去风险
• inflection/deflation, 通胀/通缩
• stabilize ties: 稳定关系
• deep-seated suspicion and entrenched differences: 根深蒂固的猜疑和分歧
• deep state: (美国的) 深层政府 / 影子政府
• MIC: 军工复合体
• lobby: 游说团体
• do-ocracy

Quotes/motto

• Done is better than perfect.
• Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others. ––Winston Churchill
• Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚, 人以群分
• The best way to predict the future is to invent it. –– Alan Kay

Abbreviation

• AFAIK: as far as I know
• AFAICT: as far as I can tell
• AFK: away from keyboard
• a.k.a: as known as
• ASAP: as soon as possible
• FUD: fear, uncertainty and doubt, FUD campaign
• FWIW: for what it's worth, 仅仅提供个人意见
• IIUC: if I understand correctly, IIRC: if I remember correctly
• IMO: in my opinion, IMHO: in my humble opinion
• PTAL: please take a look
• RSVP: respond, if you please
• TIL: today I learned
• WDYT: what do you think

Some Latin abbreviations:

Latin	English
i.e.	that is
e.g.	for example
etc.	and other things
et al.	and other people